How to create jobs
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GOP
"The best jobs program is economic growth. We do not offer yet another made-in-Washington package of subsidies and spending to create temporary or artificial jobs."
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Trump
"There is nothing, absolutely nothing, that stimulates the economy better than construction." Source
Everyone wants new jobs, but Trump's infrastructure plan — which he'd launch and direct from the White House in Washington — would require a lot of government spending.
Immigration: Border wall & 'sanctuary cities'
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GOP
"The double-layered fencing on the border that was enacted by Congress in 2006, but never completed, must finally be built. In order to restore the rule of law, federal funding should be denied to sanctuary cities that violate federal law and endanger their own citizens, and federal funding should be denied to universities that provide in-state tuition rates to illegal aliens, in open defiance of federal law."
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Trump
"I will build the wall, and Mexico's going to pay for it." Source
Trump might be a little more boisterous about it, but his position on the wall and "sanctuary cities" is a pretty close match to the GOP's own.
Who gets nuclear weapons?
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GOP
"We recognize that the gravest terror threat we face — a nuclear attack made possible by nuclear proliferation — requires a comprehensive strategy for reducing the world's nuclear stockpiles and preventing the spread of those armaments."
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Trump
"Now, wouldn't you rather in a certain sense have Japan have nuclear weapons when North Korea has nuclear weapons?" Source
Trump has expressed his concern over nuclear proliferation — but he's also suggested that it's inevitable and the U.S. shouldn't prevent allies from obtaining their own arsenals.
Climate change questions
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GOP
"The word 'climate,' in fact, appears in the current President's strategy more often than Al Qaeda, nuclear proliferation, radical Islam, or weapons of mass destruction. The phrase 'global war on terror' does not appear at all, and has been purposely avoided and changed by his Administration to 'overseas contingency operations.'"
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Trump
"I think one of the dumbest statements I've ever heard in politics ... was Obama's statement that our No. 1 problem is global warming." Source
The GOP and Trump agree, climate change is way less of a threat and not connected to global terrorism.
Reform Medicare and Social Security
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GOP
On Medicare: "While retaining the option of traditional Medicare in competition with private plans, we call for a transition to a premium-support model for Medicare, with an income-adjusted contribution toward a health plan of the enrollee's choice."
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GOP
On Social Security: "Born in an old industrial era beyond the memory of most Americans, it is long overdue for major change, not just another legislative stopgap that postpones a day of reckoning."
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Trump
"If I run for president and I win, I would totally succeed in: ...saving Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid, without cutting it down to the bone because it's not fair to people that have been paying for their whole lives..." Source
Trump spent most of the primary season promising not to touch Medicare or Social Security, but more recent comments by associates suggest he might be coming around to the GOP's desired reforms.
About abortion
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GOP
"Faithful to the 'self-evident' truths enshrined in the Declaration of Independence, we assert the sanctity of human life and affirm that the unborn child has a fundamental individual right to life which cannot be infringed."
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Trump
Would you want to change the Republican platform to include the (abortion) exceptions that you have?
"Yes, I would. Yes, I would. Absolutely ... For the three exceptions, I would." Source
Trump has said he wants to write exceptions into the platform that would allow abortion in cases of rape or incest, or when a pregnancy threatens the mother's life.
What next for Obamacare?
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GOP
"Congressional Republicans are committed to its repeal; and a Republican president, on the first day in office, will use his legitimate waiver authority under that law to halt its progress and then will sign its repeal."
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Trump
"On Day One of the Trump administration, we will ask Congress to immediately deliver a full repeal of Obamacare." Source
Republicans and Trump agree: Obamacare has got to go.
The future of Planned Parenthood
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GOP
"We oppose using public revenues to promote or perform abortion or fund organizations which perform or advocate it and will not fund or subsidize health care which includes abortion coverage."
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Trump
"I would defund it because I'm pro-life, but millions of women are helped by Planned Parenthood." Source
Trump has said he would defund Planned Parenthood but also talked up its non-abortion services — a distinction that few elected Republicans are willing to make.
Guns and the Second Amendment
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GOP
"We uphold the right of individuals to keep and bear arms, a right which antedated the Constitution and was solemnly confirmed by the Second Amendment."
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Trump
"We're going to cherish the Second Amendment, we're going to take care of the Second Amendment." Source
The GOP and Trump have little to debate when it comes to gun control.
NATO's future
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GOP
"Ensuring the continued vitality of our political alliance with Europe through NATO will require effort and understanding on both sides of the Atlantic."
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Trump
"Let me tell you, NATO is obsolete. It was 67 years, or it's over 60 years old. It is — many countries, doesn't cover terrorism, OK? It covers the Soviet Union, which is no longer in existence. And NATO has to either be rejiggered, changed for the better." Source
Republicans might want tweak NATO here or there, but Trump is calling for wholesale changes, if not trashing the alliance outright.
Taxes
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GOP
"To level the international playing field, and to spur job creation here at home, we call for a reduction of the corporate rate to keep U.S. corporations competitive internationally, with a permanent research and development tax credit, and a repeal of the corporate alternative minimum tax."
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Trump
"Under the Trump plan, America will compete with the world and win by cutting the corporate tax rate to 15%, taking our rate from one of the worst to one of the best." Source
Both Trump and Republicans want to cut taxes on corporations and simplify the overall code.
Trade
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GOP
"We envision a worldwide multilateral agreement among nations committed to the principles of open markets, what has been called a 'Reagan Economic Zone,' in which free trade will truly be fair trade for all concerned."
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Trump
"The great American middle class is disappearing. One of the factors driving this economic devastation is America's disastrous trade policies." Source
Trump doesn't categorically oppose trade deals, he just rails against the "bad" ones. And, from NAFTA to the pending TPP, he has called out a whole lot of "bad" in most of them.