TOPSHOT - Police chase down a couple wearing facemasks in the central district in Hong Kong on October 5, 2019, a day after the city's leader outlawed face coverings at protests invoking colonial-era emergency powers not used for half a century. - Masked pro-democracy protesters marched through Hong Kong in defiance of a ban on face coverings as much of the city ground to a halt on October 5, with the subway suspended and many shops shuttered following another night of violence. (Photo by NICOLAS ASFOURI / AFP) (Photo by NICOLAS ASFOURI/AFP via Getty Images)
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(CNN) —
In the middle of a beautiful sunset in May, Emily’s boyfriend knelt before her on a beach in Japan and proposed. Overjoyed, she said yes.
They envisioned starting a family together in their home of Hong Kong. But within a month, their plans – their whole vision of a future together – had been thrown into chaos.
Four months into the largest protests in the city’s history, Emily is looking for a way out of the embattled city.
Now, along with her fiancé, Emily – who declined to give her full name due to political sensitivities – is actively looking to emigrate to another country within the next two years, including the UK and the US.
“I will have children one day,” the 25-year-old office worker told CNN. “I don’t want them to live in a police state where they cannot freely express their opinions.”
Time to leave
The semi-autonomous Chinese city is in its 18th consecutive week of anti-government protests. The unrest has grown increasingly violent on both sides, with protesters using petrol bombs and setting fires, and police firing tear gas and water cannons. During citywide protests on October 1, police used lethal force for the first time, after protesters attacked several officers.
Hong Kong has a history of politically driven waves of emigration. The first occurred in 1984, when the Sino-British Joint Declaration was signed after years of secret negotiations, setting the stage for the city’s handover from British to Chinese control in 1997. The second started in mid-1989, after the massacre of pro-democracy protesters in Beijing led many to doubt China’s commitments to preserving Hong Kong’s freedoms. While many Hong Kongers who emigrated before 1997 returned to the city when Chinese rule was established and the “one country, two systems” formula – by which Hong Kong retained its own economic and legal systems and a degree of autonomy – seemed to be working, a substantial number retained foreign passports, giving them the option to leave in future.
Originally sparked by a now-shelved extradition bill with China, the protests have demonstrated just how the trust and hope regained after the Tiananmen Square massacre has been eroded in recent years, with many – especially younger Hong Kongers – looking forward with great trepidation to 2047, when current constitutional arrangements run out and Hong Kong could become fully a part of China, governed just like any other city.
Some Hong Kongers have expressed this distrust – and their frustration with Beijing’s increasing encroachment on the city’s freedoms – by taking to the streets, but others are looking for a way out.
According to a survey by the University of Hong Kong in June, nearly half of the city’s population was willing to consider emigration if the extradition bill – which critics feared could leave any Hong Konger open to prosecution in China – passed. While the bill was suspended following mass protests (and the government has since announced its full withdrawal), the unrest has continued to shake people’s willingness to stay. Research by YouGov in July found similar numbers wanting to leave. Of those surveyed, two out of three who were eager to leave were between the ages of 18 and 34. Half of those wanting to leave held university degrees.
The city’s young professionals don’t just want to move, they want to move soon. YouGov’s survey found that a quarter of those who want to migrate are likely to do so within the next three years. Government data provided to CNN shows that the number of applications for a certificate that is necessary for Hong Kongers applying for visas overseas surged over 50% from May to August this year.
Photos: Hong Kong unrest
A riot policeman sprays pepper spray at a man as they disperse a crowd during a demonstration against "parallel traders" who buy goods in Hong Kong to resell in mainland China on Sunday, January 5.
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Andy Wong/AP
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Pro-democracy supporters hold placards as they take part in a New Year's Day rally on Wednesday, January 1 in Hong Kong.
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Anthony Kwan/Getty Images
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Pro-democracy supporters wave flags during a countdown party in Tsim Sha Tsui district on New Year's Eve.
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Anthony Kwan/Getty Images
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Police arrive to conduct a clearance operation in the Kowloon district of Hong Kong on December 31.
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Isaac Lawrence/AFP via Getty Images
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Protesters take photos of a 'Free HK' light display at a gathering in the Central district of Hong Kong on December 30.
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Isaac Lawrence/AFP via Getty Images
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A man is detained by riot police during a demonstration in a shopping mall at Sheung Shui district on December 28.
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Anthony Kwan/Getty Images
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A protester reacts after police fire tear gas to disperse bystanders in the Jordan district of Hong Kong, early on December 25.
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Philip Fong/AFP via Getty Images
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People celebrating the holidays react to tear gas as police confront protesters on Christmas Eve.
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Kin Cheung/AP
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Protesters march in Hong Kong.
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Anthony Kwan/Getty Images
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Protesters stage a rally outside the US Consulate in Hong Kong on Sunday, December 1. Hundreds gathered Sunday afternoon outside the US Consulate for another pro-US rally to show support for President Trump after he signed the Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act into law.
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Vincent Thian/AP
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People take part in a march from Tsim Sha Tsui to Hung Hom in Hong Kong on December 1.
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Philip Fong/AFP/Getty Images
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Pro-democracy candidate Jimmy Sham, right, celebrates with a supporter after winning his election in the Sha Tin district, early November 25. "Today's result represents (my constituency's) support to protesters. The government should immediately establish the Five Demands and respond to the public's voices," Sham posted on Facebook, referencing a long-standing protest slogan.
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Vincent Thian/AP
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Pro-democracy candidate James Yu hugs his girlfriend after winning his seat in district council elections, early November 25.
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Vincent Yu/AP
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People line up to vote outside of a polling place in Hong Kong, November 24. More than 2.9 million people turned out to vote in Sunday's elections, which have been framed as a de facto referendum on the almost six months of ongoing protests.
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Vincent Yu/AP
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Hong Kong Chief Executive Carrie Lam casts her ballot for the district council elections at a polling place, November 24. In a statement Monday, Lam said her government "respects the election results."
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Kin Cheung/AP
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A group of protesters leave the Hong Kong Polytechnic University holding hands before surrendering to police in the Hung Hom district on November 22.
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Dale de la Rey/AFP/Getty Images
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Protesters use clothes and helmets to form "SOS" at Hong Kong Polytechnic University on November 21.
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Vincent Thian/AP
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Protesters raise their hands to represent the five demands of pro-democracy demonstrators during a rally in support of the Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act in the U.S., at the IFC Mall in Hong Kong, on November 21.
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Ng Han Guan/AP
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Tables and chairs piled up to create a barrier are left behind by protesters who barricaded themselves inside the Hong Kong Polytechnic University.
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Nicolas Asfouri/AFP/Getty Images
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A Fire Services Department rescue diver prepares to enter the sewage system on November 20 to search for protesters who escaped from the Hong Kong Polytechnic University.
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Anthony Kwan/Getty Images
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Police detain a group of people after they tried to flee the Hong Kong Polytechnic University campus on November 19. Last week, thousands of student protesters streamed into the university and occupied the campus as the city's violent political unrest reached fever pitch.
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Nicolas Asfouri/AFP/Getty Images
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A protester uses a flashlight while crawling through a sewer tunnel to see how wide it is as he and others try to find an escape route from the Hong Kong Polytechnic University on November 19.
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Anthony Wallace/AFP/Getty Images
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A protester walks through a gymnasium at Hong Kong Polytechnic University on November 19.
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Vincent Yu/AP
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Protesters react as police fire tear gas in the Kowloon area of Hong Kong, Monday, November 18.
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Vincent Yu/AP
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Firefighters put out a burning car set on fire by protesters near Hong Kong Polytechnic University in the Tsim Sha Tsui district on November 18.
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Billy H.C. Kwok/Getty Images
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Police in riot gear move through a cloud of smoke as they detain a protester at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University in Hong Kong on November 18. Police have attempted to clear the university, which has been occupied by protesters for days as a strategic protest base.
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Ng Han Guan/AP
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Police fire tear gas as protesters attempt to leave Hong Kong Polytechnic University via a bridge on November 18.
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Dale de la Rey/AFP via Getty Images
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A member of the police clashes with a protester at the Hong Kong Poytechnic University on November 18.
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Anthony Kwan/Getty Images
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Protesters use a rope to lower themselves from a pedestrian bridge to waiting motorbikes to escape from police at Hong Kong Polytechnic University on November 18.
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Kin Cheung/AP
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A protester throws an umbrella onto a fire at the barricaded main entrance of Hong Kong Polytechnic University on November 18.
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Anthony Wallace/AFP via Getty Images
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An anti-government protester is detained at Hong Kong Polytechnic University on November 18.
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Laurel Chor/Getty Images
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An anti-government protester is showered down by volunteer medical workers after he was soaked by a police water cannons firing pepper spray-infused water at Hong Kong Polytechnic University on November 18.
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Anthony Wallace/AFP/Getty Images
Photos: Hong Kong unrest
Riot police fire tear gas and rubber bullets as protesters attempt to leave Hong Kong Poytechnic University on November 18.
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Anthony Kwan/Getty Images
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A protester prepares to shoot an arrow during a confrontation with police.
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Kin Cheung/AP
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Police use a water cannon outside the Hong Kong Polytechnic University.
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ISAAC LAWRENCE/AFP/Getty Images
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A protester throws a Molotov cocktail at police on November 17.
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ANTHONY WALLACE/AFP/Getty Images
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Protesters use a catapult to fire bricks at the police from inside the Hong Kong Polytechnic University on November 17.
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ANTHONY WALLACE/AFP/Getty Images
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A woman tries to hold back riot police from approaching the Hong Kong University in Hong Kong on Saturday.
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Ng Han Guan/AP
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Protesters train to throw Molotov cocktails into a swimming pool on the campus of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University on November 14.
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Miguel Candela/EPA-EFE/Shutterstock
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Protesters walk past barricades of bricks on a road near the Hong Kong Polytechnic University on November 14.
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Kin Cheung/AP
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Demonstrators gather during a lunchtime protest in the financial district of Hong Kong on November 14.
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Vincent Yu/AP
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A protester releases a flaming arrow to light a barricade at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Wednesday, November 13.
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Anthony Wallace/AFP via Getty Images
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A Molotov cocktail, a gas mask and a yellow construction helmet are placed upon a bust of late hotel tycoon Hui Yeung Shing at the campus of The Chinese University of Hong Kong on November 13.
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Anthony Wallace/AFP via Getty Images
Photos: Hong Kong unrest
A fire is seen at a Mass Transit Railway (MTR) station during a demonstration at The Chinese University of Hong Kong on November 13.
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Anthony Kwan/Getty Images
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Students attempt to clear tear gas canisters fired by riot police onto a sports track during a confrontation at the Chinese University in Hong Kong on Tuesday, November 12.
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AP Photo
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A man is detained during a protest at the Chinese University of Hong Kong on November 12.
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Philip Fong/AFP/Getty Images
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Students block an escalator with chairs in an attempt to hamper police at the University of Hong Kong on November 12.
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Kin Cheung/AP
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A protester is detained in the Central District of Hong Kong on November 11.
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Vincent Yu/AP
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People react after tear gas was fired by police during a protest in Hong Kong's Central District on November 11.
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Anthony Wallace/AFP/Getty Images
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Riot police face off with protesters at an entrance of a shopping mall during a demonstration on November 10.
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Anthony Kwan/Getty Images
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A man is helped by a volunteer medic after police used pepper spray during a demonstration on November 10.
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Anthony Kwan/Getty Images
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Students of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) participate in a march on November 8, after hospital officials confirmed the death of student Chow Tsz-lok, 22. Police say Chow, a computer sciences student at HKUST, fell from the third floor to the second floor of a parking garage in the residential area of Tseung Kwan O in the early hours of November 4.
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Philip Fong/AFP via Getty Images
Photos: Hong Kong unrest
A person places a flower at a memorial for 22-year-old Hong Kong university student Chow Tsz-lok on November 8.
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Philip Fong/AFP/Getty Images
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Students in gas masks are seen during a graduation ceremony at the Chinese University of Hong Kong on Thursday, November 7 in Hong Kong.
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Billy H.C. Kwok/Getty Images
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Firefighters stand outside the offices of China's Xinhua News Agency after its windows were damaged by protesters in Hong Kong on Saturday, November 2. Hong Kong riot police fired multiple rounds of tear gas and used a water cannon Saturday to break up a rally by thousands of masked protesters demanding autonomy after Beijing indicated it could tighten its grip on the Chinese territory.
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Kin Cheung/AP
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Richard Chan, a candidate for the district council elections, reacts after being pepper-sprayed by police in Hong Kong on November 2.
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Vincent Yu/AP
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Thousands of black-clad masked protesters streamed into Hong Kong's central shopping district for another rally on November 2.
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Kin Cheung/AP
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A person dressed as President Donald Trump waves an American flag on a street in Hong Kong on Thursday, October 31, 2019. Hong Kong authorities braced as pro-democracy protesters urged people on Thursday to celebrate Halloween by wearing masks on a march in defiance of a government ban on face coverings.
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Kin Cheung/AP
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A man dressed as the Joker for Halloween walks past police officers on October 31.
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Kin Cheung/AP
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Pro-democracy activist Joshua Wong (second from left) and Kelvin Lam (second from right) shout slogans as they meet the media outside the Legislative Council (LegCo) in Hong Kong on October 29, 2019, after Wong was barred from standing in an upcoming local election.
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Anthony Wallace/AFP/Getty Images
Photos: Hong Kong unrest
A protester throws a tear gas canister on October 27 in Hong Kong.
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Billy H.C. Kwok/Getty Images
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A couple wearing Guy Fawkes masks watch a rally at Chater Garden in Hong Kong on October 26.
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Mark Schiefelbein/AP
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Protesters start a fire in front of the MTR station during demonstration on October 27.
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Ivan Cheung/SOPA Images/Getty Images
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Tear gas smoke is seen exploding over reporters during an anti-government protest in Mong Kok district in Hong Kong on October 27.
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Vernon Yuen/Getty Images
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High school students take part in a human chain rally outside Kowloon park in Hong Kong on October 25.
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Philip Fong/AFP/Getty Images
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Police fire blue dye toward protesters in Hong Kong on Sunday, October 20. Blue dye can be used to stain and identify masked protesters.
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Kin Cheung/AP
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A pro-democracy protester is arrested by police on October 20.
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Anthony Kwan/Getty Images
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Pro-democracy lawmakers protest as Hong Kong Chief Executive Carrie Lam delivers a speech at the Legislative Council on Wednesday, October 16. Lam's annual policy address ended in chaos as pro-democracy lawmakers repeatedly disrupted her speech and heckled her with calls to honor the demands of anti-government protesters.
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Mark Schiefelbein/AP
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A protester shoots a basketball at a poster of Lam during a rally on Tuesday, October 15.
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Anthony Wallace/AFP via Getty Images
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Protesters set fire to a Bank of China branch on Sunday, October 13. It was the 19th consecutive weekend of anti-government protests in Hong Kong.
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Miguel Candela/SOPA Images/Getty Images
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Protesters use the lights on their phones during a rally in central Hong Kong's business district.
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Felipe Dana/AP
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A protester attempts to break a tourist bus window on October 13.
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Anthony Kwan/Getty Images
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Protesters wearing masks in defiance of a recently imposed ban gather at a shopping mall on October 13.
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Vincent Yu/AP
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Supporters surround a police bus carrying political activist Edward Leung as it leaves the High Court in Hong Kong on Wednesday, October 9. Several hundred masked protesters gathered at Hong Kong's High Court for the appeal hearing of Leung, who was sentenced to six years in prison for his part in a violent clash with police.
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Vincent Yu/AP
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A woman is treated after police fired tear gas to disperse protesters in the Mong Kok district of Hong Kong on October 7.
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Mohd Rasfan/AFP/Getty Images
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Pro-democracy protesters gather in a shopping mall on October 7.
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Anthony Wallace/AFP/Getty Images
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Rescue personnel check the bottom of a taxi after the driver allegedly drove onto the pavement, hitting protesters in Hong Kong on October 6.
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Anthony Wallace/AFP/Getty Images
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A China Construction Bank is seen vandalized in the Causeway Bay area of Hong Kong on October 6.
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Anthony Kwan/Getty Images
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Pro-democracy protesters set fires in the street in the Causeway Bay area.
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Anthony Kwan/Getty Images
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People protest the ban against masks on Saturday, October 5.
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Laurel Chor/Getty Images
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An anti-government protester stands near a fire on Friday, October 4.
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Athit Perawongmetha/Reuters
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Protesters move a statue depicting a protester armed with gas mask, helmet and umbrella on the streets of Hong Kong on October 4.
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Vincent Yu/AP
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Protesters set a fire at a China Construction Bank.
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Anthony Kwan/Getty Images
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Protesters spray paint slogans at the entrance to a tunnel on October 4.
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Felipe Dana/AP
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A store is in shambles after being vandalized by protesters.
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Laurel Chor/Getty Images
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Pro-democracy demonstrators hold up their hands to symbolize their five demands during a rally on October 4.
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Mohd Rasfan/AFPGetty Images
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Protesters throw petrol bombs at the gate to the Tsuen Wan police station on Wednesday, October 2.
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Marcus Yam/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images
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Schoolmates of a student who was shot in the chest by police place their hands on their chests during a protest on October 2.
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Mohd Rasfan/AFP/Getty Images
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A young protester was shot Tuesday, October 1, as violent protests erupted across Hong Kong on the 70th anniversary of the People's Republic of China. The incident marked a major escalation in violence that could galvanize the protest movement in Hong Kong.
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Editorial Board, CityU SU/Reuters
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Police detain an anti-government protester on October 1. Thousands of black-clad protesters marched in central Hong Kong as part of multiple pro-democracy rallies.
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Felipe Dana/AP
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Police tackle and arrest pro-democracy protesters during clashes on October 1.
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Chris McGrath/Getty Images
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A protester is seen carrying rocks on a street on October 1. While events in Beijing were being held to mark the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, demonstrators rallied throughout Hong Kong.
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Isaac Lawrence/AFP/Getty Images
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Protesters react after police fired tear gas near the central government offices in Hong Kong's Admiralty area on October 1.
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Nicolas Asfouri/AFP/Getty Images
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Pro-democracy protesters form a "Pepe the Frog" themed human chain on Monday, September 30.
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Anthony Kwan/Getty Images
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A man is detained by Hong Kong police during a protest in the Causeway Bay shopping district on Sunday, September 29.
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Philip Fong/AFP/Getty Images
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Bus passengers look at a burning barricade lit by pro-democracy protesters in front of the Mong Kok police station on Sunday, September 22.
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Chris McGrath/Getty Images
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Pro-democracy protesters sing songs and chant slogans during a rally inside a shopping mall on September 22.
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Chris McGrath/Getty Images
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A pro-China supporter, center, is escorted by police after confronting journalists in Hong Kong on September 15.
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Vincent Yu/AP
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Pro-government and anti-government supporters chant against one another at a shopping mall in Hong Kong on Friday, September 13. The sign translates to "Stop violence and curb chaos; safeguard Hong Kong."
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Amr Abdallah Dalsh/Reuters
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Demonstrators hold up their cell phone lights as they form a human chain at the Peak, a tourist spot in Hong Kong, on September 13.
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Kin Cheung/AP
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Police escort an injured man after he attacked protesters outside Prince Edward station in Hong Kong on Friday, September 6.
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Kin Cheung/AP
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Protesters burn paper money to pay their respects to injured protesters.
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Kin Cheung/AP
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Protesters prepare to clash with police outside the Mong Kok police station on September 6.
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Anthony Kwan/Getty Images
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A protester is detained by police at the Po Lam Mass Transit Railway station on Thursday, September 5.
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Tyrone Siu/Reuters
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A man watches televisions at a store in Hong Kong as Chief Executive Carrie Lam announces the withdrawal of the extradition bill on Wednesday, September 4.
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Vincent Yu/AP
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A woman gets emotional on September 4 while paying her respects to protesters who were injured a few days earlier.
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Anushree Fadnavis/Reuters
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Demonstrators travel through a railway station during a rally on Tuesday, September 3.
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Kyle Lam/Bloomberg/Getty Images
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Students wearing gas masks and helmets hold a banner that reads "five major demands are indispensable" at St. Francis' Canossian College in Hong Kong.
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AP
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Protesters gather in the bus terminal at Hong Kong International Airport on Sunday, September 1. Hundreds of pro-democracy activists attempted to block transport routes to the city's airport.
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Lillian Suwanrumpha/AFP/Getty Images
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A passenger walks to the airport on September 1 as pro-democracy protesters blocked a road outside the airport.
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Kin Cheung/AP
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A protester uses a slingshot outside the Central Government Complex during clashes with police on Saturday, August 31. Thousands of pro-democracy protesters held an anti-government rally one day after several leading activists and lawmakers were arrested in a sweeping crackdown.
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Chris McGrath/Getty Images
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Protesters light a Molotov cocktail on August 31.
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Chris McGrath/Getty Images
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Protesters take cover as policemen fire blue-colored water on them. Blue dye can be used to stain and identify masked protesters.
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Kin Cheung/AP
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A surveillance camera is covered with white paint during protests.
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Jae C. Hong/AP
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An overhead view shows protesters reacting after police fired tear gas on August 31.
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ANTHONY WALLACE/AFP/Getty Images
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Pro-democracy activists Agnes Chow and Joshua Wong speak to the media after they were released on bail at the Eastern Magistrates Courts on Friday, August 30. They were arrested earlier the same day in a dragnet across Hong Kong.
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Lillian Suwanrumpha/AFP/Getty Images
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Protesters clash with police after a rally in Hong Kong's Tsuen Wan district on Sunday, August 25. It was one of the most violent nights seen in Hong Kong since mass protests began in June.
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Billy H.C. Kwok/Getty Images
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A police officer aims a gun in front of a protester on August 25.
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Lam Yik Fei/The New York Times/Redux Pictures
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Some protesters shine laser pointers at police lines on August 25.
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Kin Cheung/AP
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Protesters pick up bricks to be used as projectiles on August 24.
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Lillian Suwanrumpha/AFP/Getty Images
Photos: Hong Kong unrest
Police retreat after clashing with protesters on August 24.
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Chris McGrath/Getty Images
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Cell phones shine from the top of Lion Rock on August 23.
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Philip Fong/AFP/Getty Images
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Protesters march under umbrellas on Sunday, August 18.
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Billy H.C. Kwok/Getty Images
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Tens of thousands of protesters showed up in the streets on August 18.
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Anthony Kwan/Getty Images
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A protester participates in a march on Saturday, August 17. His eye is covered with red gauze, referencing a woman who was allegedly shot in the eye with a beanbag round during clashes between protesters and police.
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Vincent Yu/AP
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Protesters point lasers at the Sham Shui Po police station on August 14.
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Vincent Yu/AP
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A police officer falls over an airport luggage trolley during a scuffle with pro-democracy protesters on Tuesday, August 13. For two days, protesters flooded the airport. Check-ins were suspended and dozens of outgoing flights were canceled.
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Manan Vatsyayana/AFP/Getty Images
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A traveler passes her luggage to security guards as she tries to enter the departures gate.
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Philip Fong/AFP/Getty Images
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A display board shows canceled flights on August 13.
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Medics look after a woman who received a facial injury during clashes on Sunday, August 11.
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Anthony Wallace/AFP/Getty Images
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A pro-democracy protester is held by police outside the Tsim Sha Tsui police station on August 11.
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Police fire tear gas at protesters during a demonstration in the Wong Tai Sin District on Monday, August 5.
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A train passenger gestures toward a protester, right, who was preventing the doors of a train from closing on August 5. The protester was trying to disrupt Hong Kong's morning rush-hour commute.
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ANTHONY WALLACE/AFP/Getty Images
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A man comforts his pregnant wife near a train platform after protesters blocked the train doors on August 5.
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Anthony Wallace/AFP/Getty Images
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A protester stands in tear gas during a confrontation with police in the early hours of Sunday, August 4.
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Elson Li/AP
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A Chinese flag floats in water after it was thrown by protesters during a demonstration on Saturday, August 3.
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Vincent Thian/AP
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Members of Hong Kong's medical sector attend a protest in Edinburgh Place on Friday, August 2.
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Anthony Wallace/AFP/Getty Images
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The emblem on the China Liaison Office is protected by plexiglass during a demonstration on Sunday, July 28.
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ANTHONY WALLACE/AFP/Getty Images
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A protester flees from baton-wielding police in the Yuen Long district of Hong Kong on Saturday, July 27.
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Eric Tsang/HK01 via AP
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A protester looks through umbrellas during the clashes with police on July 27.
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Travelers watch as protesters rally at Hong Kong's international airport on Friday, July 26.
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Protesters clash with police on Sunday, July 21.
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Masked men in white T-shirts are seen after attacking anti-extradition bill demonstrators at a train station in Yuen Long.
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Tyrone Siu/Reuters
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Medical workers help a protester affected by tear gas on July 21.
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Bobby Yip/AP
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The office of pro-Beijing lawmaker Junius Ho was trashed by protesters in Hong Kong's Tsuen Wan district.
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Philip Fong/AFP/Getty Images
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Police officers use pepper spray to disperse protesters after a rally in the Sheung Shui district on Saturday, July 13.
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A demonstrator sprays paint inside a chamber at Hong Kong's Legislative Council building, where protesters forced their way in on Monday, July 1.
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Tyrone Siu/Reuters
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A protester smashes a window of the Legislative Council building.
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Ritchie B. Tongo/EPA-EFE/Shutters/Shutterstock
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Columns of sunlight are cast on a crowd during the march on July 1.
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Kin Cheung/AP
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Helicopters carrying the flags of China and Hong Kong fly over demonstrators on July 1.
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A police officer uses pepper spray during a clash with protesters on July 1.
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A protester wearing a T-shirt with the word "revolution" walks past an inscription on a road that reads "Long Live HK."
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Kin Cheung/AP
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Police detain protesters near the government headquarters in Hong Kong on July 1.
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An overhead view shows thousands of protesters marching through a Hong Kong street on Sunday, June 16.
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Protesters run after police fired tear gas on Wednesday, June 12.
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Philip Fong/AFP/Getty Images
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By the morning of June 12, tens of thousands of mainly young people had arrived in the area, blocking streets and bringing central Hong Kong to a standstill.
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Athit Perawongmetha/Reuters
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A demonstrator holds a sign during the June 12 rally.
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Police officers charge toward protesters during clashes on Monday, June 10. It was a continuation of protests that started the day before.
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Anthony Kwan/Getty Images
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Protesters on June 9 waved placards and wore white -- the designated color of the rally. "Hong Kong, never give up!" some chanted.
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Students wear chains during a demonstration on Saturday, June 8.
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Looking for a way out
According to Athena Law, head of immigration at L&K Holdings migration agency, the number of inquiries has increased 200% since June, with many made by people in their 20s.
“(This) increase is related to what’s happening in society,” Law told CNN. “Many of our clients expressed concern over the social unrest.”
Another migration agent, John Hu, said inquiries had snowballed 300% since June – and it was not only young people who wanted to leave. People in their 30s and young families were also interested in a fresh start overseas, Hu added.
Last month, the city’s leader Carrie Lam began a series of dialogues with Hong Kongers, promising to listen to their concerns and work towards a solution to the monthslong unrest.
“Hong Kong has faced – and overcome – momentous challenges every decade since the end of World War II,” Lam wrote recently. “This should tell us something about the people of Hong Kong: They are resilient and resourceful. It should also tell us something about the values that the Hong Kong people share and our common aspiration for a bright future.”
Timon, who also declined to give his full name, is just the type of Hong Konger Lam is seeking to reassure.
The 32-year-old accountant never thought about leaving the city before the unrest started in June. He attended several large-scale demonstrations, but is increasingly dubious that any longterm change can happen in Hong Kong.
“Before the protests, I was focused on pursuing my career and my wife was ready to work as a nurse,” he said. “(But now) we want to move to Australia, as we see that the totalitarian government is unlikely to change.”
Now, Timon said he is willing to scrap nearly a decade of accounting experience to get retrained as an electrical engineer – a career with more prospect for migration. He said his main concern was his 18-month-old son’s education.
“I want my child to have critical thinking, but the education here is going to worsen in this political atmosphere, with the white terror created by the police and the government,” Timon said. “I don’t want my child to grow up here.”
Island sanctuary
Government data shows that between 1997 and 2018, Australia, Canada and the US were the three most popular destinations for emigrating Hong Kongers. In recent months, however, Taiwan has surged to become the top choice, according to YouGov.
The self-ruled island has long been popular with Hong Kong tourists, but its open support for the city’s pro-democracy movement and apparent commitment to liberal values has made it an increasingly attractive destination to move to. In September, Taiwanese President Tsai Ing-wen said that “when necessary and based on humanitarian concerns, we will provide necessary assistance to Hong Kong residents in Taiwan, and will not just stand on the sidelines and watch.”
According to Taiwanese immigration data, the number of approved applications for residence from Hong Kongers rose almost 50% between May and August. An immigration department spokeswoman confirmed this was in line with a surge in applications in general, but was not able to provide a detailed breakdown.
Ken Lui and his wife understand the island’s appeal – Taiwan is close to Hong Kong geographically, culturally and linguistically, and he said he hopes to open a boutique or restaurant on the island after moving.
The 36-year-old fashion shop owner said his business was affected by the city’s protests, and he didn’t see a way out except by leaving.
“They (the government) keep suppressing our freedom of speech,” he said. “I don’t think there will be any big changes in Hong Kong. I hope that Hong Kong will be fine, but does the government listen to its people?”
Lui said he was concerned about leaving his family behind, a fear Emily shared. But both said they felt they were making the right decision. Emily even hopes to bring her family and friends with her to a new country.
“There’s a Chinese saying that we have to first take care of ourselves, then we take care of the family. And at the end, we take care of our society, our country,” Emily said. “I can live with my family (anywhere) in the world. If there’s family, there’s home.”