You don't know them; they may have changed your life
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10 medical innovators you don't know – CNN's Life's Work series features innovators and pioneers who are making a difference in the world of medicine. Here are some people you might not know who have changed medicine as we know it. We begin with Dr. Edward Jenner, a British physician, who discovered the vaccine against smallpox. He died in 1823.
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10 medical innovators you don't know – Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen, a German physicist, discovered the electromagnetic rays which he called X-rays in 1895. He identified them by accident while experimenting with vacuum tubes. He died in 1923.
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You don't know them; they changed medicine – Microbiologist Elizabeth Lee Hazen and chemist Rachel Brown developed the first effective antifungal agent, called nystatin. This drug is still used today -- not only for humans, but also to combat Dutch Elm disease in trees and to restore water-damaged artwork. Hazen died in 1975; Brown died in 1980.
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10 medical innovators you don't know – Dr. Peter Safar was the pioneer of what we know today as cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or CPR. He developed the technique of mouth-to-mouth resuscitation as well. His efforts have saved hundreds of thousands of lives. Safar died in 2003.
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Medical innovators you don't know – Baruch Blumberg shared the 1976 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with D. Carleton Gajdusek for discoveries related to where infectious diseases come from and how they are spread. He identified the Hepatitis B virus. Blumberg died in 2011.
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You don't know them; they changed medicine – Chemist Carl Djerassi and colleagues were the first to synthesize norethindrone, the key ingredient in oral contraceptives, earning Djerassi the moniker "Father of the birth control pill."
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10 medical innovators you don't know – Paul C. Lauterbur and Peter Mansfield jointly won the 2003 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a technique that is widely used for imaging of the brain and the spinal cord, and has also led to improved diagnostics in cancer.
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10 medical innovators you don't know – Dr. David Nalin advanced oral rehydration therapy for treating cholera and, more generally, severe diarrhea, saving millions of lives. Nalin recognized that the volume of oral rehydration therapy required isn't the same for every patient. Individual losses need to be replaced with equal volumes of the absorbable solution.