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Indian engineer Sumit Dagar is creating the world's first smartphone for the blind.

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Dagar (center) has described his creation as "a companion more than a phone."

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The engineer is driven by a desire to use technology to improve the lives of disadvantaged members of society and, he says, to help them participate in it more fully.

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Dagar is seen here testing a prototype interface with a visually impaired volunteer.

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Dagar's first working prototype of the Braille smartphone was little more than an exposed circuit board with moveable pins.

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For this design, Dagar was selected as a 2012 Laureate in the Rolex Awards for Enterprise.

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A mass-market version of the phone will have a screen which is composed of a grid of pins.

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The pins move up and down to form Braille shapes when the phone receives a text or email.

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The smartphone design incorporates "Shape Memory Alloy" technology, based on the concept that metals remember their original shapes, expanding and then contracting after use.

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The technology can convey a range of information to the visually impaired. In this example, the shape of a map is being created.