CNN - TravelGuide: Destination

Bears, for example, are bountiful. Many backpackers would treasure the chance to see one of the awesome creatures in the wild. But when it comes to bears, it's best to keep your distance.

The state of Alaska publishes a brochure called "Bear Facts: The Essentials for Traveling in Bear Country" which advises hikers to make their presence known when moving through the forest. Because bears don't care for surprises, make some noise -- sing, talk loudly or tie a bell to your backpack -- and travel in groups if possible.

This handy brochure also reminds campers that bears are always looking for some grub, because they must build up fat reserves to keep them alive through their winter hibernation. Cook away from your tent and store all food away from the campsite. If possible, hang food in trees, out of a bear's reach. If there are no trees around, store food in an airtight container or a specially designed bear-proof container.

A clean camp is less attractive to a bear. Dishes should be washed, and smelly foods like smoked fish and bacon should be avoided altogether. It's best to keep food smells off your clothing and to burn garbage completely. (It's no use burying your refuse because bears are keen smellers and good diggers.)

In general, bears avoid people. Few people even see them and only a very small percentage of those are threatened by a bear. During the first 85 years of this century, only 20 people died in bear attacks in Alaska, according to a study by the state epidemiologist. In comparison, 19 people were killed by dogs in the state in the 10 years between 1975 and 1985.

If you do have a close encounter with a bear, remember these tips:

Talk in a normal voice and wave your arms so that the bear knows you are a person. If it can't tell what you are, a bear may come closer or stand on its hind legs. You may try backing away slowly, diagonally. But, if the bear follows, you should stop and hold your ground.

Don't even try running because you can't outrun a bear. If the animal gets too close, raise your voice and bang pots and pans or use noisemakers.

If a bear attacks you, surrender. Drop to the ground and pretend that you're dead. Lie flat on your stomach or curl into a ball with your hands behind your neck. Usually, a bear will end an attack when it feels the threat has been eliminated. However, if the attack becomes prolonged, you should change tactics and fight back vigorously.

While you're watching for bears, remember to be on the lookout for other potentially dangerous animals, including moose. A publication from Denali National Park & Preserve advises hikers to run away if charged by a moose.

The Denali publication advises the backcountry hiker to choose routes that are within your capabilities. It also warns hikers about the dangers of hypothermia and advises them to keep dry, pack gear in waterproof bags, eat plenty of food that is high in calories and drink enough water to stay hydrated.