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EDUCATION with Student News

Learning Activity: Examine the history of the U.S. State of the Union address

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(CNN Student News) -- Students will learn about the origin and history of the U.S. State of the Union address.

Procedure

Have student groups conduct an online scavenger hunt to learn about why U.S. presidents deliver State of the Union messages and the history of this practice. Pose the following questions to guide students' research:

  • What is the State of the Union message?
  • What section of the Constitution authorizes the message?
  • Who delivered the first such address, which was originally called the "annual message"?
  • When and why did President Thomas Jefferson submit his address in writing? How long did this practice last?
  • What president revived the custom of making a personal appearance?
  • How many annual messages have been delivered since the first such address was made in 1789?
  • How did the 20th Amendment affect the timing of when the annual message was delivered?
  • Where and when does the State of the Union ceremony currently take place?
  • Which branches of the U.S. government attend the address?
  • How many members of the president's Cabinet and Congress are designated not to attend the speech, and why?
  • What were the shortest and longest annual messages?
  • Which president delivered the most messages? Which president delivered the fewest?
  • How many presidents have not delivered an annual message, and why?
  • Who was the first president to deliver his message on the radio?
  • Who was the first president to deliver his address on television?
  • What presidential address was the was the first to be made available as a live Webcast on the White House Web site?
  • When did the practice of inviting surprise guests to sit with the first lady begin?
  • How do State of the Union addresses differ from a U.S. president's inaugural address?
  • After students present their findings, pose the following questions for class discussion: Why do you think that the constitutional framers included the president's annual message? Why do you think that they did not issue additional stipulations for the annual message, such as a time requirement or how the information is to be given to Congress? How does this illustrate the flexibility of the Constitution as a governing document? Do you watch State of the Union addresses? Why or why not?

    Correlated Standards

    Social Studies

    Standard II. Time, Continuity and Change: Students will learn about the ways human beings view themselves in and over time.

    Standard VI. Power, Authority and Governance: Students will understand the historical development of structures of power, authority and governance and their evolving functions in contemporary U.S. society as well as other parts of the world.

    Standard X. Civic Ideals and Practices: Students will examine the ideals, principles and practices of citizenship in a democratic republic.

    The Curriculum Standards for Social Studies (http://www.socialstudies.org/standards/external link) are published by the National Council for Social Studies (http://ncss.org/external link).

    Civics

    Standard II. What are the foundations of the American political system?

    1. The American idea of constitutional government. Students should be able to explain the central ideas of American constitutional government and their history.

    2. How American constitutional government has shaped the character of American society. Students should be able to explain the extent to which Americans have internalized the values and principles of the Constitution and attempted to make its ideals realities.

    The National Standards for Civics and Government (http://www.civiced.org/912erica.htmexternal link) are published by the Center for Civic Education (http://www.civiced.org/index.htmlexternal link)

    Keywords

    State of the Union address, President George W. Bush, U.S. Constitution, Congress


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